US Imperialism on Panama - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1671 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Imperialism Essay Did you like this example? Faith Ann Hawkins Mr. Collins World History and Geography 3 November 2018 In history, it is a common theme to see that sacrifices must be made, but can some be too drastic? Many people today know of the vital waterway called the Panama Canal. Opened in 1914, the Panama Canal was one of the greatest engineering achievements in the world.(Alfaro, 2018). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "US Imperialism on Panama" essay for you Create order It was first a project started by France in 1881, but they quit due to engineering problems and a high worker mortality rate. The U.S took over the project in 1904. This canal cuts through the Isthmus of Panama with a 51-mile long waterway, turning a ship ride around a continent into an 8-10 hour cruise through the canal. This canal has seen many owners, including Columbia, France, and the United States. Though, the way America got this canal is still a controversy. Was it right for Americans to do whatever it took to make this strategic waterway? The wrongdoing of this is summed up in the word imperialism. Though the Panama Canal is very important, how the U.S obtained it was not right. Imperialism is quite a strong word. At the time the canal was built, most countries sought to imperialism others for power. Imperialism is the control of one nation over another. Though, in this time era, the late eighteenth century, there was a different form of imperialism, New imperialism. This started when countries wished to have complete control over colonies instead of just setting up trading ports and such. America, even though people dont hear it much, was an imperializing nation too. What was so wrong with imperialism? There are many periods in history that are strong examples of to why imperialism is corrupt and wrong. There were three continents in which imperialism was very popular, Africa, India, and Asia. In southeast Asia, Great Britain was the first to start imperializing using the concept of new imperialisation. They wished to take Burma but failed. Instead, there constant influence in Burma caused the monarchy to fall and they took over. Many countries soon heard of this and started following so they wouldnt fall behind. New ways to rule an area appeared such as indirect rule, direct rule, and making protectorates. This colonialization caused many indigenous people to suffer. Colonizers didnt want the colonies to make industries, this policy often led to the development of plantation agriculture (Spielvogel 229). In this system, peasants worked as laborers on others plantations. The workers were kept at the poverty level for profit increase and many died due to the unhealthy conditions. Things like this continued in many areas of the world as they were colonized. The process usually was that colonizers took the area, colonists moved in, natives were treated unfairly, they colonizers try to change the culture, and then revolts pop up. The reason that the imperialist counties gave for these terrible actions was that Western powers were bringing the blessing of Western civilization to their colonial subjects, including representative government.(Spielvogel 229). Even then, not many native people were allowed to be in the government or even educated because the idea of political rights to the people scarred the colonizers. This example of imperialism doesnt show the full suffering of the native people. In India, people would hold parties at the Taj Mahal, a grave burial for the kings beloved wife. They would even chip pieces off as souvenirs. Imperialism corrupted many cultures and caused enormous amounts of hate and racism. Now, is it possible to see that imperialism is unacceptable? The U.S is no exception. The United States intruded onto Latin America and became known as the Big bully to the north(Spielvogel 243). The U.S imperialization of Latin America included Panama. People had dreamed of building a canal across Central America to link the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans (President Roosevelt Decides To Build The Panama Canal. VOA. N. p., 2006. Web. 4 Dec. 2018.). This included President Theodore Roosevelt. Two places in North Latin America caught the eye of Roosevelt and the U.S; Panama and Nicaragua. Engineers claimed that in the 1880s, Panama would be the cheaper choice. Though, at the time, they would have to buy land and building rights from the French company who was already there, through imperialism. With these two purchases, it could easily cost a hundred million dollars just to own the land. Congress approved of the building of the canal in Nicaragua. A debate soon sparked however because Fra nce had lowered the price of Panama. Roosevelt supported the Panama plan, but it was clear Nicaragua would win this debate. But as volcanic action destroyed homes and killed thousands, Panama became the only choice. The people in this area of Colombia wanted to separate themselves from the Columbian rule, so the U.S gave them a little shove. The United States was intrigued so much by Panama that they convinced rebel groups to take arms against the Colombians with the support of American troops and resources.(Effects On Panama Imperialism In Central America. Sites.google.com. N. p., 2018. Web. 6 Dec. 2018.). The Panamanians successfully won their independence from Columbia with the support of the United States. Though, the US only helped for one reason, the location to build the canal. Almost instantly the Americans restrained Panama with a treaty that gave the US the land where the canal would be built. The treaty was almost an exact replica of the treaty the US tried to give Colombia. Expect that the canal zone was now 16 meters wide instead of 10 and the US got permanent control of the canal (President Roosevelt Decides To Build The Panama Canal. VOA. N. p., 2006. Web. 9 Dec. 2018.). Panama signed it just 15 days after their declaration of independence from Colombia in 1903. Many Columbians and Americans protested and resented the actions of Roosevelt. Many saw him as a pirate. However, Roosevelt continued to build the canal. He said, I took the canal zone and let Congress debate. And while the debate goes onso does work on the canal. After ten years, the canal was finished in 1914. Panama, from 1903 to 1939, became a US protectorate. In 1921, Colombia and the United States entered into the Thomsonâ€Å"Urrutia Treaty. (Panama Canal. En.wikipedia.org. N. p., 2018. Web. 9 Dec. 2018.). In this treaty, paid Colombia $25 million and granted Colombia privileges to the canal. Colombia, in return, recognized Panama as an independent nation. Through all of the troubles of the imperialization a Panama, the US decided to return the canal. In 1977, US president Jimmy Carter and Panama leader Omar Torrijos signed a treaty that promised full control of the canal to Panama by 2000. Panama got full authority on December 31, 1999. The previous paragraph represented how the US controlled Panama and built the canal through the years, but what was the most important was how the people felt and were affected by this stage of imperialism. At first, once America had helped Panama lead a successful revolt, the leader of the revolution, Manuel Amador, said, Yesterday, we were slaves of Colombia. Today, we are free. President Theodore Roosevelt has kept his word. Long live the Republic of Panama! long live President Roosevelt!. This shows that at first, Panama found the US as an ally that had helped lead them to freedom. Soon, however, they realized this was not true. Colombia protested. It said the United States had acted illegally in Panama. Many American citizens protested, too. (President Roosevelt Decides To Build The Panama Canal. VOA. N. p., 2006. Web. 9 Dec. 2018.). As stated earlier, Roosevelt was widely seen as a pirate. Despite all these protested, Theodore Roosevelt didnt care. He stated, I took the Isthmus, started the canal and then left Congress not to debate the canal, but to debate me. Panama was utilized as a tool for Americas growing economy. Once the canal was finished, The US attempted to control all the profits made from it. The US propaganda that was directed toward the Panama government promised that the Panama canal would be profitable for their citizens. However, this was a complete lie on the USs part. Americas only interest was to imperialize Panama and take control and use the country as a source of profit exclusively(Effects On Panama Imperialism In Central America. Sites.google.com. N. p., 2018. Web. 9 Dec. 2018.). Truly, wealthy American businessmen were the profiteers. The attraction to the Panama canal was for economic growth, but instead, it aggravated tensions between Panama and the Us. Eventually, it leads to thousands of injuries and riots. Many other Latin American nations grew to fear the idea of American imperialization. Roosevelt, however, claimed that the US would only take action on nations who had debts to European countries. Despite the unjust sides of this, there were some ups. America brought in railroads, sewage, electricity, and schools. No matter what, the cons overpower the pros. What the US did was wrong. Many unfortunate things befell on the people of Panama, and it happens to be Americas fault. In the end, America shouldnt have imperialized Panama or any Latin American nation. After Roosevelt left office, the United States signed an agreement that showed Americas regret and gave $25 million to Colombia. Even though Roosevelt was out of office, his friends in the Senate rejected the proposal in his place. After his death, another agreement was signed. It still included the money but didnt include a statement of regret as the previous one did. This agreement was approved by the Senate. The engineering of this canal is something that should strike awe into anyone. The canal has a total of 3 locks and 3 chambers on each side of the ocean. The locks lift and lower ships from the Gatun Lake, an artificial lake to reduce excavation for the canal. This waterway is very important today. However, the imperialization that took place has left a permanent mark on the history of the US. People can hope that the US isnt seen as a nation who conquers others for wealth and resource, but instead as an ally to other nations across the world.

Graduate Level Class Emergency Management - 4166 Words

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The Roles of Marketers

Question: Describe about the role of Marketers? Answer: Introduction There was a time when marketing was considered as a secondary function in the organization. With time, organizations have evolved and competition has increased. In this era of globalization and high competition, marketing is considered as important organizational function. One of the roles of marketers is to create high brand equity for the brand. Brand equity is defined as the value premium that a company realizes from a product with a recognizable name as compared to its generic equivalent (Parker, 2014). For example, brand equity is that value for which consumers are willing the I Phone or I Pod rather than buying a local brand or Brand Equity is the value for which consumers are willing to buy a Coca-Cola rather than buying a local soda. Today, organizations have realized that brand equity can help them to influence the decision of consumers. Marketers have realized the concept of relationship marketing and marketers have realized that relationship marketing can help to increase the brand equity. It would not be incorrect to say that brand equity of a product or brand would have an impact on consumer decision process (Valenzuela, 2013). It is expected that consumer would be willing to pay a premium price if the brand equity of product is high. Today, marketers have realized that consumers do not only buy a product but they also buy a brand. It can be said that brand equity is the promise that brands offers to customers. The objective of this research paper is to study the way brand equity can impact the consumers decision to buy a particular product. The paper would also discuss the extent to which brand equity can influence the buying decision. The main research question of this research work cane be highlighted as: To What Extent does a company's brand Equity impact consumers decision to buy a particular product? Literature review and Research Questions Lehmann Neslin (2012) argued that there has been a fundamental difference in the way consumers used to make the purchase decision. There was a time when consumers used to analyze the quality of product itself and they paid little attention to brand. That was the time when corporations had limited reach and the product concept of marketing was prevalent. With time, the concept of branding and brand equity has been established (Sachse, 2011). Nowadays life in a society is decided by What people have not by what people are. Therefore, this leads to situation where everyone wants to have a prestige in the society by maintaining the standard of living, which makes him or her different from the rest of the people. This prestige could be obtained with branded products. In todays society, the brands not only represent the symbol of company but the standard of living also (Schmitt, 2009). Which product a person uses in his day-to-day life reflects his taste, his status in the society, his ec onomic background and many other things. Therefore, it makes a close relationship between the company and its brand with the consumer. Therefore, people would buy the products from a reputed brand. Guizani Merunka (2011) argued that the competition has increased in the current world. There was a time when competition was limited and organizations were able to reach out to customers through their products. However, today the fact is that there exists very little difference between the same products of different companies. For example, the carbonated drink of Pepsi and Coca-Cola. In fact, people would find it difficult to identify the product when they are blindfolded (Lin, 2008). Therefore, it can be said that people do not just buy the product but they buy the brand and they want to get associated with the brand. People do not just like the cola in Pepsi or Coca-Cola but they like the brand. Therefore, it can be said that the purchase decision of consumers depends on the brand equity. This decision is influenced more when there exist minimal differences in the product (Trib, 2011). This decision could be impacted less if the products are different and consumers are able to dif ferentiate the products based on certain tangible and intangible attributes. Huang Sarigollu (2012) mentioned that for a single commodity, multiple brands are available in the market, so it gives a mental and physical activity to a consumer which product to use. For this consumer has to be active, should have an enormous amount of information with regards to product and services available. Customer has to follow the sequence of step in decision process to purchase a particular product. They start realizing the requirement of product, get information, identify and evaluate alternate products and finally decide to purchase the product from a specific brand. There are number of clues present in the environment that guide public in selection (Schroeder, 2009). One of them is brand. Here comes the importance of brand. In each of the step of consumer buying process, the brand equity could have an influence. For example, when users are evaluating the options, he or she may reject or accept some options because of brand reputation or brand value. It is important for marketers to analyze the consumer purchase process for their product and then align the branding strategy based on the consumer purchase process (Allen, 2014). It would give an idea to marketers about the phase where products should be marketed to customers. Nam Whyatt (2011) highlighted that Brand is a combination of name, symbol and design. Brand represents the customers perception of opinion about the performance of the product. The powerful brand is one, which resides in the mind of consumer and they become loyal to the brand. Brand is nothing but a promise and consumers may want to take a promise that could be fulfilled by companies. Therefore, brand value of the company can have an impact on the consumer purchase decision. In fact, some of the brands have good products but they are not able to sustain the market because they do not have any brand equity. Buil Chernatony (2013) argued that it is easy to develop or manufacture the product and start a company. However, it is difficult to create a brand. It can be said that brands are not created in a day or two. It can take months and years to create a brand. There are various factors and attributes of brands that can attract customers (Yaprak, 2008). These attributes would include both tangible and intangible things. It would include the product itself, the pricing, promotion etc. It would include the marketing mix of product and it would also include the packaging of product. As the branded products have attractive packaging, so it appeals to consumers. It has a logo, which can be easily identified by the customers. As the life of the people is too busy, they need shortcuts, which is provided by brand identity in selection of products (Tellis, 2013). Many researchers agree that the choice of brand name can alter the consumer judgement about the product and their purchase decision-mak ing process. With competition getting fiercer and product quality becoming more homogeneous, a better brand name can be decisive in product choice if the consumer compare several products (Tellis, 2008). However, many companies are able to have better products and yet are unable to compete in the market due to poor branding activities. Thus, strong brands have the potential to generate long term and loyal customers, which would eventually lead to an increase in sales in the future. One Instance in support of this can be highlighted as: In October 2012, report from Forbes magazine, Apple was ranked as the top global brand with a value of $87.1 billion. This is how brand affects the buying decision of consumers. Research Methodology Typically, any research could be primary research or secondary research. This research would use a mix method of research. It means that this research work would use both primary and secondary research. The research methodology or research design would be to start with the primary research and the continue the secondary research. The research methodology for this research work would be divided into 7 phases. These phases can be discussed as: Phase 1: Research Topic identification This would be the first phase of the research project. This would be the phase where research topic would be identified. The identified research topic is Brand equity and consumer purchase decision. It can be said that this is one of the most important phase of entire research work as it is very important to identify the research topic (Hoicka, 2014). Phase 2: Background Study This would be the phase where the background study would be done on research topic. The background study would help to formulate the specific research questions. The background study would be done in the form of literature review of existing literature (Bryman, 2012). The background study would also be done on the previous research work of similar nature. Phase 3: Identification of research questions This would be the phase in which the research questions would be designed based on which entire research would be done. There are two crisp research questions identified for this research work (Saunders, 2011). It is recommended to have definite and specific research questions for any research work. Phase 4: Primary research This would be the phase in which inputs from respondents would be collected. It would be the phase in which survey would be designed and questionnaire would be mailed to sample of 200 people. The sample of 200 people would include both customers and executives. At least 40% of the sample (80) would be female candidates. Out of 200, 150 would be consumers and 50 would be from management layer of corporations. The 200 people would belong to age group of 18 years to 60 years with at least 20% of the sample with more than 50 years and at least 20% of the population with less than 30 years. This distribution would ensure a fair and equal participation from different age group. The survey would be targeted to only urban population. The survey would consist of only close-ended question. It would ensure that respondents do not find any difficulty to answer the questions. It has been observed that people would find it easy to fill the short survey. A sample of questions that would be part of this survey would be: Question 1: On a scale of 5 (1 with least and 5 being highest), how strong would you rate your behavior to buy a product due to its brand name? Question 2: On a scale of 5 (1 with least and 5 being highest), would you try a new product just because it is from reputed and establish brand? Question 3: Would you be willing to buy a low price local product or a slightly high price branded product? The primary research would be mainly quantitative in nature but it would also have some element of qualitative research. The qualitative research would be done in terms of focus group interview and group discussion. A focus group of experts would be created that would discuss the issue of brand equity and consumer behavior. It is expected that a good amount of information would be collected from focus group interviews (Babin, 2012). These interviews would be held with marketing executives of companies. The group discussion would be done with employees of organization, management and consumers. Phase 5: Secondary Research This would be the phase in which information would be collected from previous research in this area. This would be mainly qualitative in nature. The online sources would act as great source of information. The Internet is full of resources over brand equity and consumer purchase. The journals and articles would be used to collect data and information about brand equity and consumer purchase decision. It would be important to mention that not all the sources on Internet could be trusted. Therefore, only peer-reviewed journals would be used to collect the information from Internet as part of secondary research (Emma, 2007). Phase 6: Data Collection This is the phase where the collected data would be collected. The data would be collected as part of both primary research and secondary research. The surveys websites would be used to create survey and survey would be mailed to respondents. The next part would be data analysis part. Phase 7: Conclusion and Report generation This is the phase where inferences and conclusion would be made. In this phase a report would be generated to summarize the work of research. The report would be developed in a clear and simple writing that would summarize the results through graphs and charts. Analysis of Data Probably, one of the most important phases of entire research work is data analysis phase. The data would be collected as part of both primary research and secondary research. The statistical tools would be used to analyze the data. The tools like Microsoft Excel and SPSS would be used to analyze the data and make inferences. One of the important activities in data analysis phase would be to fill the missing values and filter or clean the data. It is also important that research data should be free of any form of bias. It is difficult for research to control the biasness of respondents. The data for focus group study and group discussion would also be analyzed (Bryman, 2011). This data would be in form of qualitative information. That would be collected as part of qualitative study. There would be predefined templates and charts that would help to analyze the data of group discussion and focus group interviews. These templates would be used to record the data. Once the data is record ed and captured, statistical tools would be used to analyze the data. Once the data is analyzed, researcher would be able to conclude the research. The data of secondary research would also be analyzed in a similar manner. It can be said that the data collected from secondary research does not have much of the bias as compared to data collected from primary research. Ethical considerations Any research work would include number of ethical considerations. The most important ethical consideration is that researcher should not use the information collected from respondents for any work, other than this research work. The data and information collected from people should not be shared without their consent (Shin, 2010). It is also important that researcher should avoid using the names and identity of the people involved in the research work. The researcher may face certain ethical dilemmas while using the result of research. It is important that researcher should not be judgmental in his approach. The ethical issues could be best avoided if researcher is able to work in an unbiased way. In any of the circumstances the confidential information of respondents should not be made public. It is important that researcher should create a balance between personal objectives and professional objectives. The ethical considerations could also be avoided if researcher could use a defi ned set of standards and procedures for the research work. The respondents should be made aware of these standards at the beginning of the research work. References Alan, B., Emma, B. (2007). Business research methods.Cooper. R. Donald Emory. C. William (1995).Business Research methods. Buil, I., de Chernatony, L., Martnez, E. (2013). Examining the role of advertising and sales promotions in brand equity creation.Journal of Business Research,66(1), 115-122. Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2011).Business research methods 3e. Oxford university press. Nah, S., Saxton, G. D. (2012). Modeling the adoption and use of social media by nonprofit organizations.New Media Society, 1461444812452411. Huang, R., Sarigll, E. (2012). How brand awareness relates to market outcome, brand equity, and the marketing mix.Journal of Business Research,65(1), 92-99. Kim, A. J., Ko, E. (2012). Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand.Journal of Business Research,65(10), 1480-1486. Nam, J., Ekinci, Y., Whyatt, G. (2011). Brand equity, brand loyalty and consumer satisfaction.Annals of Tourism Research,38(3), 1009-1030. Parker, B. T. (2014, January). An Examination Of The Relationship Between Brand Equity And Consumer Response Toward Environmental Product Advertisements. InAmerican Academy of Advertising. Conference. Proceedings (Online)(p. 76). American Academy of Advertising. Sang Jib Kwona, E. P. (2010). What drives successful social networking services? A comparative analysis of user acceptance of Facebook and Twitter . Science Direct, 534-544. Shin, D.-H. (2010). the effects of trust, security and privacy in social networking: A security-based approach to understand the pattern of adoption . Science Direct, 428-438. Stahl, F., Heitmann, M., Lehmann, D. R., Neslin, S. A. (2012). The impact of brand equity on customer acquisition, retention, and profit margin.Journal of Marketing,76(4), 44-63. Valenzuela, S. (2013). 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The cultural codes of branding.Marketing Theory,9(1), 123-126. Allen, F. (2014).Secret formula: How brilliant marketing and relentless salesmanship made Coca-Cola the best-known product in the world(p. 33). HarperBusiness. Golder, P. N., Tellis, G. J. (2013). Pioneer advantage: marketing logic or marketing legend?.Journal of marketing Research, 158-170 Johnson, J., Tellis, G. J. (2008). Drivers of success for market entry into China and India.Journal of Marketing,72(3), 1-13. Yaprak, A. (2008). Culture study in international marketing: a critical review and suggestions for future research.International Marketing Review,25(2), 215-229. Yu, T., Wu, N. (2009). A review of study on the competing values framework.International journal of business and management,4(7), p37. Bijvoet-van den Berg, S., Hoicka, E. (2014). Individual differences and age-related changes in divergent thinking in toddlers and preschoolers. Developmental Psychology, 50(6), 1629- 1639. doi:10.1037/a0036131 Bryman, A. (2012).Social research methods. Oxford university press. Liamputtong, P. (2009). Qualitative research methods. Saunders, M. N., Saunders, M., Lewis, P., Thornhill, A. (2011).Research methods for business students, 5/e. Pearson Education India. Zikmund, W., Babin, B., Carr, J., Griffin, M. (2012).Business research methods. Cengage Learning.

World over a precipice Review Essay Example

World over a precipice Review Paper Essay on World over a precipice Read with great interest the previous reviews, is now just want to make a simple contribution to the assessment of reading the book. And if appropriate to compare with womens novels, I would like to recall the talented writer V. Tokarev, a few stories read. As Tokarev Oleg Roy affects the readers emotions, showing that life is sometimes like a puzzle, difficult and intricate, sometimes tranichna. But unlike the writer, Roy offers the reader an optimistic and cheerful finale, as if rewarding isperezhivavshegosya over the fate of everyman heroes. I would like to mention a fascinating storyline. In general, the novel will not be bored! Author is definitely a spark of talent, but . First of all, truly talented work always multi-layered, explain, with each new reading is sure to find something new. It does not end with a description only of life and the characters of the characters, but also affects the deeper themes, as chitetsya between the lines. Secondly, there is such a wonderful rec eption in the literature written with irony about the most difficult and tragic moments. This technique used by Gogol, and of modern writers Paul San and John Irving (classic of modern American literature). If the author used it, it is not so sad melancholic reader would have to, because you can and bring to a heart attack))). In general, I liked that in the novel there is an active psychology and the authors position is commendable. For example Vitas line a very tragic way, for which unfortunately there is no happy ending! Meanwhile, his prototype is found at every turn. The image of women is very bright and real! I am sorry if someone hurt his assessment, but in the written novel, I could see both negative and positive aspects of the authors intention. Just as it is to read the book quickly, almost in the same breath, and not left food for thought at least a week after reading it. As noted in previous reviews solve all the same to you. Read! World over a precipice Review Essay Example World over a precipice Review Paper Essay on World over a precipice Since childhood, I like to read. The book a unique thing it helps to learn something new and experience the vivid emotions, relax and immerse yourself in a fantastic world For its thirty years I have read many classical works, each of which deserves a separate discussion, but did not leave without. attention and the work of contemporary writers, such as domestic. Many of the books in this category, fall into my hands, can only be described as Pulp Fiction. Books do not have to allow time to kill, in the best case. But despite the general trend, I discovered and interesting writers. Particular attention should be paid to Oleg Roy. My acquaintance with the author began with his book The World of the precipice, which tells the tragic story of a man who lost his wife and daughter Perhaps more terrible loss to come up with is impossible. .. More recently, Igor Bykov was a happy father and a loving husband, he madly loved his family and was infinitely happy that fate has given them to him. But just at one point she also took it all His world seemed so serene and strong flying into the abyss. Like in the film World over a precipice: an impregnable fortress, an indestructible castle stands on a piece of ground, hanging over the abyss deeply sunk into the soul of this metaphor We will write a custom essay sample on World over a precipice Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on World over a precipice Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on World over a precipice Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer World over a precipice, however like other novels of Oleg Roy, I read in one breath. Written by relaxing the reader an intriguing storyline, says on a serious topic that gives deep meaning to every story. Heroes Oleg Roys on the brink of life and death, love and hate, happiness and despair As I read the first novel by Oleg Roy, World over a precipice deeply sunk into my soul, but not cease to amaze and new books of this writer!